是时候给你点颜色看看了：带你揭秘颜色的科学
<p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">颜 色 的 科 学</strong></p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">严 浩</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">中国科学院力学研究所</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">视觉，光，颜色，波长</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">在那遥远的童年，当你拿起画笔尽情创作的时候，你有没有想过这个世界为什么有这么多绚丽的色彩呢？下面我们就从科学的角度来聊一聊这些身边的颜色。</p><img src="https://p1-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/RKlt4UWC6WdvQj" img_width="798" img_height="467" alt="是时候给你点颜色看看了：带你揭秘颜色的科学" inline="0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; border-style: none; max-width: 100%; display: block; margin: 10px auto; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">图一：彩色铅笔</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"></p><h2 style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">颜色是什么？</h2><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">颜色是光被眼睛接收后产生的感觉。</strong>你应该听说过：光是一种电磁波。对我们人类产生视觉反应的电磁波的波长在400 nm(纳米)至700 nm之间。我们之所以会产生千差万别的颜色感觉，是因为这个区间中，每一种波长的光所含能量不同（也就是光谱成分不同）。人类对于颜色的感知是大脑将眼睛接收到的光线经过处理产生的一种感觉，然后将这种感觉归类成红、橙、黄、军绿、深空灰、土豪金等等颜色。说到接收光线，就不得不提到视网膜上的视锥细胞（Cone Cell）。<strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">人眼中一般有S、M、L三种视锥细胞，如图二所示，它们分别负责感受可见光中的短、中、长波段的光。</strong>如果进入人眼的是波长较长的650 nm的光，那么大脑接收到的视觉信号主要来自L型视锥细胞，就会产生红色的色觉；对于波长为590 nm的光来说，L、M型视锥细胞都会产生信号，使我们产生黄色的色觉。</p><img src="https://p1-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/RKlt4WDC0vpzTd" img_width="375" img_height="284" alt="是时候给你点颜色看看了：带你揭秘颜色的科学" inline="0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; border-style: none; max-width: 100%; display: block; margin: 10px auto; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">图二：三种视锥细胞的敏感曲线</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"></p><h2 style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">世间的万紫千红——复合光</h2><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">以上只是针对只含有一种光谱成分的单色光进行的讨论，<strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">如果光谱中存在一种以上的光谱成分，就被称作复合光</strong>。通常的彩色屏幕只有红、绿、蓝三种颜色的像素。如图三所示，当红色与绿色同时开启且亮度相等时，我们就感觉到了黄色。这种黄色复合光给人的感觉与590 nm的单色光相差无几。红绿蓝这三种颜色两两开启，还能得到品红与青色；当三种颜色同时开启，我们就看到了白色。当然，这三种颜色以不同的亮度组合起来，就有上百万种颜色。</p><img src="https://p1-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/RKlt4XRCRqVAtA" img_width="300" img_height="300" alt="是时候给你点颜色看看了：带你揭秘颜色的科学" inline="0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; border-style: none; max-width: 100%; display: block; margin: 10px auto; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">图三：红绿蓝三原色的作用</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">图四中的彩色区域表示人眼能看到的相同亮度下的所有颜色。这个彩色区域由一条弧线和一条直线围成。弧线上的颜色为单色光的颜色，直线上的颜色是从红色到品红色再到蓝色的过渡色，由于涉及到S与L视锥细胞同时受到激发，所以除了两个端点，这条直线上的颜色的光一定是复合光。在这个区域中，边缘的颜色都十分鲜艳，越靠近中心越淡，而在区域的最中心就是白色。例如从区域的右下角向中心过度，你会先后看到鲜红，粉红以及白色。当然，这个图并不能表示颜色的深浅，也就是说上面没有诸如深红、黑色等颜色。图中的sRGB三角区域是现在很多高级显示屏使用的色彩空间，理论上这种显示屏可以显示该三角区域所有颜色，至于实际效果嘛，要看显示屏上的红绿蓝三原色够不够“纯”了。</p><img src="https://p1-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/RKlt4WXAebedGQ" img_width="300" img_height="319" alt="是时候给你点颜色看看了：带你揭秘颜色的科学" inline="0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; border-style: none; max-width: 100%; display: block; margin: 10px auto; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">图四：自然界中的颜色与各种色彩空间的关系</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">如果你有些彩绘的经验，你会说只要有红黄蓝三种颜料，就能调出所有颜色。事实差不多是这样的，不过要纠正的一点是，<strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">这三种颜料是品红、黄和青色</strong>，也就是图三中任意两个颜色叠加的颜色。和sRGB一样，这种CMYK（由青色，品红色，黄色，黑色四种颜料组成）色空间也不能表现所有的颜色，而是类似图五中的五角形区域。</p><img src="https://p1-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/RKlt4WkE9nOHNt" img_width="300" img_height="300" alt="是时候给你点颜色看看了：带你揭秘颜色的科学" inline="0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; border-style: none; max-width: 100%; display: block; margin: 10px auto; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">图五：用于印刷的品红、黄、青三原色</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"></p><h2 style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">你看到的是什么白色？</h2><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">下面要聊一聊白色了。<strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">太阳光是白色的，它由红橙黄绿蓝靛紫的颜色复合而成的</strong>，但是这些颜色是怎样的混合比例呢？图六展示了太阳的从红外到紫外区域的光谱。图中的外包络线是太阳的发射光谱。然而，经过了大气层的吸收与散射，我们在地面得到的是图中内层的光谱，这个光谱中能量最高的地方正好在绿色的区域。<strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">除了可见光以外，太阳光谱在近红外和紫外波段也有客观的能量。</strong></p><img src="https://p1-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/RKlt4g764iKDew" img_width="985" img_height="758" alt="是时候给你点颜色看看了：带你揭秘颜色的科学" inline="0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; border-style: none; max-width: 100%; display: block; margin: 10px auto; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">图六：太阳的光谱</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">在我们身边，有很多白色的物体，但是如果你把它们放在一起对比，肯定会发现有的发蓝，有的泛黄。以照明设施来说，电灯泡就是那个泛黄的，而荧光灯显得更白一些。我们对白色还有另一种更具体的描述——<strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">色温，即高温黑体辐射光的颜色</strong>。你应该看过炼钢厂的画面吧，刚出炉的热钢铁是红色的，对应的色温比较低，可能在2000 K（开尔文）左右，而约3000 K液态的钢是白色略带点黄色，与灯泡的颜色差不多，至于科教片中巨大的恒星是淡蓝色的，它的表面温度在7000 K以上，比我们太阳的表面温度还要高。对于白色来讲，偏黄一些的色温较低，偏蓝一些的色温较高，不过这与我们对冷暖色的定义相反。</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">就上面提到的白色光源而言，<strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">灯泡是通过电流在灯丝上产生高温而发光的，它的色温与灯丝的温度是一样的</strong>。但是<strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">荧光灯却不同，它属于冷光源，发光过程是通过电子与汞原子的作用先产生紫外线，然后让紫外线照射到荧光物质上发出红绿蓝三种颜色的荧光从而产生白色的</strong>，很多LED灯也是先产生紫外线，然后通过三种颜色的荧光物质产生白色。虽然都是白光光源，由于光源光谱成分的缺失，物体的颜色会显得不自然。假设某个鲜艳的黄色物体只反射590 nm附近的黄色光，那么在荧光灯下，由于照明光中590 nm的光谱成分很少，这个物体的颜色就会显得暗淡不自然。所以说，<strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">在荧光灯下拍照，或是自拍时使用手机屏幕补光都不是什么好主意</strong>。</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"></p><h2 style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">你说的黑是什么黑？</h2><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">从今以后，如果有人跟你提到白色，你也许要问：你说的白是什么白？不仅如此，我们眼前的黑也不一定是真正的漆黑一片。你一定见过红外监控摄像机吗？它是很多地区的重要安保设备。这种摄像机偷偷地发射红外线进行照明，然后通过拍摄红外线进行录像，只是你很难看到红外线罢了。同样的，由于人眼对紫外线也不敏感，所以如果光谱中只有紫外线，我们看到的还是漆黑一片。但是<strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">紫外线有一点与红外线不同，它与物体作用时很容易转化成可见光。</strong>紫外线的光子具有很高的能量，当它被物质吸收时能够通过荧光过程产生能量较低的可见光光子，被人眼接收到。（绝大多数的荧光过程中，物质释放的光子的能量不高于吸收的光子的能量，所以能量较低的红外光光子基本上不会通过这个过程转化成能量稍高的可见光光子）举个例子，<strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">紫外验钞机的光看起来很暗，因为其光谱成分主要是我们看不到的紫外线加上少量的蓝紫光。当这些紫外线在防伪区域通过荧光转化成可见光时，我们就会觉得这个区域特别的亮。</strong>一些动物，例如鸟类，具有红外或紫外视觉，它们眼中的世界和我们的有很大的不同。</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"></p><h2 style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">动物的彩色世界</h2><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">普通人类为什么拥有这样的视觉呢？通过图六中的太阳光谱可以看出，在对于人类的可见光波段，太阳光的强度最强。这样一来，在这个波段产生视觉是最有效的。而色觉则依赖于视锥细胞的种类。<strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">很多种类的动物拥有四种视锥细胞，具有四色视觉，它们可以感受到更丰富的色彩，这些动物包括绝大多数的爬行类、鸟类以及昆虫类动物。</strong>但是在进化之路上，绝大多数哺乳动物失去了部分种类的视锥细胞和一些分辨颜色的能力。除灵长类以外的陆地哺乳类动物大多具有两种视锥细胞，而多数海洋哺乳类动物甚至不能区分颜色。那么人类为什么具有三种视锥细胞呢？这与开花植物有着不可分割的联系。在动物世界中你可能会看到，猩猩在森林里游荡，以水果为食，饱餐之后，将果核随手扔了出去。植物充分利用了这种习性，将自己的种子传播到更远的地方，避免同类竞争。但是，如果还未成熟的果实被摘走了，对植物来说可就不值得了。所以，植物通过两种方式引导动物去采摘成熟的果实。第一点是果实颜色的转变，多数果实在成熟之前是绿色的，而成熟之后会变黄或者变红，这在绿叶从中非常鲜艳，仿佛是在推广自己一样。图七中展示了人类三色视觉下的果树与模拟二色视觉下的果树，在左图中普通人可以一眼找出成熟的桃子，区别红绿色是不是很方便呢？第二点是果实在成熟之前非常酸涩，而成熟之后在激素的作用下迅速转化成甜味，通过这样的方式告诉取食者一定要分清果实是否成熟。在这样的自然选择下，少数具有三种视锥细胞的个体更具有竞争力，久而久之，我们的祖先大部分都具有了三种视锥细胞。现代人群中还有相当数量的人缺少三色视觉基因，表现为红绿色盲，据说还有极少数人具有四色视觉！</p><img src="https://p1-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/RKlt4gK8D7JPhN" img_width="1080" img_height="409" alt="是时候给你点颜色看看了：带你揭秘颜色的科学" inline="0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; border-style: none; max-width: 100%; display: block; margin: 10px auto; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">图七：三色视觉与二色视觉的区别</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">看完上面的灵长类与果树的例子，你可能会问：具有紫外视觉对那些动物有什么好处呢？这个答案还是和开花植物有关！在我们人类看来，五颜六色的花朵令人善心悦目。对于那些以花粉、花蜜为食的昆虫来说，准确地找到食物地位置十分重要。在这个过程中，反射紫外光线的花瓣扮演着机场跑道指示灯的角色。对于鸟类而言，紫外视觉可以帮助它们发现猎物踪迹。</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"></p><h2 style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">紫外光，怎么才能看到你？</h2><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">那为什么我们人类没有紫外视觉呢？首先要指出的是，对人眼增加紫外视觉要以牺牲视力为代价。光线进入人眼的过程中，要经过角膜、晶状体、玻璃体这些透明的物质，最后到达视网膜被感光细胞接收。对于紫外线，这些物质就不那么透明了。<strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">特别是玻璃体，由于它的厚度最大，对紫外线的吸收也最多，而到达视网膜的紫外线太弱，不能引起视觉反应。</strong>而一些研究表明，鸟类中具有紫外视觉的物种眼球都比较小，这样紫外线在玻璃体内的衰减也就减少了。如果将人眼中的玻璃体更换为对紫外线透明的人造玻璃体，紫外线的确可以引起视觉反应。事实上，这正是对白内障的一种手术治疗手段。不过这并不会使人看到更丰富的颜色，因为视锥细胞并没有改变。而且根据患者的描述，在紫外线较强的环境下，视觉非常模糊。由于紫外线的折射率比可见光小的多，人眼很难对其成像。另一方面，由于紫外线光子具有更大的能量，它对视网膜的破坏力也不容忽视，对于平均寿命在数十岁以上的物种而言，过早失明可不是什么好事情。</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"></p><h2 style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 400; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“不可描述”的颜色</h2><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">前面提到了颜色不能很好地描述光谱，反过来我们生活中所说的颜色也绝不是光谱可以描述清楚的。当你走进4S店或者去看某些手机的发布会时会发现，世界上的颜色还真多呢！<strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">色觉是大脑对视觉信号综合处理的结果，除了三种视锥细胞感受的光强以外，还包含对图像整体处理的结果。</strong>我们所说的银色和灰白色的光谱成分差别不是很大，但是灰色物体对光的反射为漫反射，银色物体对光的反射介于漫反射与镜面反射之间，使物体具有金属光泽。说到光泽，不得不提到珍珠。图八中的珍珠的光泽与普通物体完全不同，而且泛着彩色的光泽。<strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">这种光泽是由衍射现象产生的，与珍珠表面的结构密不可分。</strong><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">当光线到达珍珠表面后，光线除了以反射角出射以外，由于表面结构的衍射作用，还从其他角度出射，所以在单一光源下珍珠具有不只一个高光区域。</strong>这种衍射现象与五颜六色的CD反光也很相似，但是由于珍珠的结构不是特别规则，它的彩虹色光泽也就更柔和自然一些。衍射现象在自然界十分常见，例如某些甲虫的外壳、蝴蝶的翅膀、孔雀的尾羽等等，要么呈现诡异的闪光色，要么呈现出彩虹色。我们常用的记号笔的可以画出高亮度的荧光色，这是紫外线转化为可见光的结果。</p><img src="https://p1-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/RKlt4gY601iVtc" img_width="1048" img_height="475" alt="是时候给你点颜色看看了：带你揭秘颜色的科学" inline="0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; border-style: none; max-width: 100%; display: block; margin: 10px auto; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">图八：各种颜色的珍珠 珍珠的表面结构</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">我们眼中之所以有这么丰富的颜色，是千变万化的光谱与多种多样的物体质地的组合。随着科技的发展，光也许会以更奇妙的形式被人们操纵，到那时候也许会有新的颜色被定义。</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">作者简介</p><img src="https://p1-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/RKlt4gk3LZrX3e" img_width="358" img_height="441" alt="是时候给你点颜色看看了：带你揭秘颜色的科学" inline="0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; border-style: none; max-width: 100%; display: block; margin: 10px auto; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">严 浩</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Hello，大家好！我是博科团队的严浩：</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">工作单位</strong>：中国科学院力学研究所攻读流体力学专业博士学位，属于流体力学与光学的交叉学科；</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">研究领域：</strong>使用光学手段探究高超声速气流以及燃烧反应气流的现象与本质。最常用的技术是对NO分子或是CH、OH自由基的激光诱导荧光；</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">对科普的想法：</strong>自从加入博士科普以来，我读到了有很多有趣有启发性的文章，也结识了来自世界各地，身处不同专业的朋友。祝愿大家在博士科普都有所收获。</p><img src="https://p1-tt.byteimg.com/origin/pgc-image/R6BJvuO9NciQaR" img_width="529" img_height="28" alt="是时候给你点颜色看看了：带你揭秘颜色的科学" inline="0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; border-style: none; max-width: 100%; display: block; margin: 10px auto; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">参考文献</strong>：</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> Color, Wikipedia.</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> Color Spacd, Wikipedia.</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> Julia Rosen And, Anne E. Egger, Factors-that-Control-Climate.</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">https://www.visionlearning.com/en/library/Earth-Science/6/Factors-that-Control-Climate/234.</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> Pearl, Wikipedia.</p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">原标题：颜色的科学</strong></p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">来源：博士科普</strong></p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 16px 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'WenQuanYi Micro Hei', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">编辑：Major Tom</strong></p>
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