房龙人类的故事 OCR文字版本 Hendrik William Van Loon - The Story of Mankind Twentieth Print

游客，本帖隐藏的内容需要积分高于 1 才可浏览，您当前积分为 0

资源信息： 中文名: 房龙《人类的故事》 OCR文字版本 原名: Hendrik William Van Loon - The Story of Mankind 资源格式: PDF 版本: Twentieth Printing, December, 1922 发行时间: 1922年 地区: 美国 语言: 英文 概述:

http://www.VeryCD.com/topics/2762201/ rickthebluebird同学发布的PDF，OCR成文字版本。努力保留了原书的特色及版式。尽可能的改掉了OCR造成的文字错误。 　本书是房龙的成名作。本书从人类的起源到每一个历史时期都有精辟凝炼的论述，以深厚的人文关照和俏皮睿智的文笔，展示了人类历史的浩荡长卷。其中有节奏明快的“大历史”叙述，也不放过任何真正影响人类文明进程的事件和细节。无论是对历史一无所知的人，还是通读过浩繁巨著的专家，都可以在这本经典的通俗人类史中，获得启发和阅读的快感。本书为2007年微软扫描的1922年发布的英文原版OCR制成，可使读者体认和享受房龙笔下隽永深刻的英文的魅力。为生动地再现历史，唤起读者对空间的感觉，书中采用了丰富的漫画，其中详尽而清晰的漫画年表使读者对整个人类的历史一目了然。 目录: CONTENTS 1. THE SETTING OF THE STAGE 3 2. OUR EARLIEST ANCESTORS 9 3. PREHISTORIC M A N B E G I N S T O M A K E T H I N G S FOR H I M S E L F . . 13 4. T H E E G Y P T I A N S I N V E N T T H E A R T O F W R I T I N G A N D T H E RECORD 17 OF H I S T O R Y B E G I N S 5. T H E B E G I N N I N G O F CIVILISATION I N T H E V A L L E Y O F T H E N I L E . 22 6. T H E RISE A N D F A L L O F E G Y P T 27 7. M E S O P O T A M I A , T H E S E C O N D C E N T R E O F E A S T E R N CIVILISATION . 29 8. T H E SUMERIAN N A I L WRITERS, WHOSE C L A Y T A B L E T S T E L L U S T H E STORY O F ASSYRIA A N D BABYLONIA, T H E GREAT SEMITIC MELTING-POT 32 9- T H E S T O R Y O F MOSES, T H E L E A D E R O F T H E J E W I S H P E O P L E . . 38 10. THE PHOENICIANS, WHO GAVE US OUR ALPHABET . . . 42 11. THE I N D O - E U R O P E A N PERSIANS C O N Q U E R T H E S E M I T I C A N D T H E EGYPTIAN WORLD 44 12. THE PEOPLE OF THE AEGEAN SEA CARRIED THE CIVILISATION O F O L D ASIA I N T O T H E WILDERNESS OF EUROPE . . . 48 13. M E A N W H I L E T H E INDO-EUROPEAN TRIBE OF T H E H E L L E N E S WAS T A K I N G POSSESSION OF G R E E C E 54 14. T H E G R E E K CITIES T H A T W E R E R E A L L Y S T A T E S . . . . 59 15. T H E G R E E K S W E R E T H E FIRST P E O P L E T O T R Y T H E D I F F I C U L T EXPERIMENT OF S E L F - G O V E R N M E N T 62 16. H O W T H E GREEKS LIVED 66 17. T H E ORIGINS O F T H E THEATRE, THE FIRST FORM OF PUBLIC AMUSEMENT 71 H o w T H E G R E E K S D E F E N D E D E U R O P E A G A I N S T A N ASIATIC 18. IN- VASION A N D D R O V E T H E PERSIANS B A C K ACROSS T H E . A E G E A N S E A 74 19. H o w A T H E N S A N D S P A R T A F O U G H T A L O N G A N D DISASTROUS W A R FOR T H E L E A D E R S H I P O F G R E E C E 81 20. ALEXANDER THE MACEDONIAN ESTABLISHES A GREEK WORLD- E M P I R E , AND W H A T B E C A M E OF THIS H I G H AMBITION . . 83 21. A S H O R T S U M M A R Y OF C H A P T E R S 1 TO 20 85 22. T H E S E M I T I C C O L O N Y O F C A R T H A G E O N T H E N O R T H E R N COAST O P AFRICA AND T H E INDO-EUROPEAN CITY OF R O M E ON T H E WEST COAST O F I T A L Y F O U G H T E A C H O T H E R FOR T H E POSSESSION O F T H E WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN AND C A R T H A G E WAS DESTROYED 88 How ROME HAPPENED 23. 105 H o w T H E REPUBLIC OP R O M E , A F T E R CENTURIES OF UNREST AND 24. 109 REVOLUTION, B E C A M E AN EMPIRE 25. T H E STORY O F J O S H U A O P N A Z A R E T H , W H O M T H E G R E E K S C A L L E D 119 JESUS 26. T H E TWILIGHT OF ROME I24 H o w R O M E B E C A M E T H E C E N T R E OF T H E 27. CHRISTIAN W O R L D . 131 28. A H M E D , T H E C A M E L DRIVER, W H O B E C A M E T H E PROPHET O P T H E ARABIAN D E S E R T , AND WHOSE FOLLOWERS ALMOST CONQUERED THE ENTIRE KNOWN WORLD FOR THE GREATER GLORY- OF A L L A H , THE " O N L Y T R U E GOD" 138 29. H o w CHARLEMAGNE, T H E K I N G OF T H E FRANKS, C A M E TO BEAR T H E T I T L E OP EMPEROR AND TRIED TO REVIVE T H E O L D IDEAL OF WORLD-EMPIRE 144 30. W H Y T H E P E O P L E O F T H E T E N T H CENTURY' PRAYED T H E LORD T O P R O T E C T T H E M FROM T H E F U R Y O F T H E NORSEMEN . . 1 5 0 31. H o w CENTRAL EUROPE, ATTACKED FROM THREE SIDES, BECAME AN ARMED CAMP AND W H Y EUROPE WOULD HAVE PERISHED WITHOUT Professional THOSE SOLDIERS AND ADMINISTRATORS W H O W E R E P A R T O F T H E FEUDAL SYSTEM 135 32. CHIVALRY 159 33. T H E S T R A N G E D O U B L E L O Y A L T Y O F T H E P E O P L E O F the M I D D L E A G E S , AND H O W I T L E D T O E N D L E S S Q U A R R E L S B E T W E E N T H E l62 POPES AND T H E H O L Y R O M A N EMPERORS 34. B U T A L L T H E S E D I F F E R E N T QUARRELS W E R E FORGOTTEN W H E N T H E TURKS TOOK T H E H O L Y L A N D , DESECRATED T H E HOLY PLACES AND INTERFERED SERIOUSLY WITH THE TRADE FROM EAST TO WEST. E U R O P E W E N T CRUSADING . . . . 1 6 8 35. W H Y THE P E O P L E O P T H E M I D D L E A G E S SAID T H A T " C I T Y A I R Is F R E E AIR" 174 36. HOW THE PEOPLE OP THE CITIES ASSERTED THEIR RIGHT TO BE H E A R D IN T H E R O Y A L COUNCILS OF T H E I R C O U N T R Y . 184 37. WHAT THE PEOPLE OF THE MIDDLE AGES THOUGHT OP THE .191 WORLD IN W H I C H T H E Y H A P P E N E D TO L I V E . . . 38. H O W T H E CRUSADES O N C E M O R E M A D E T H E M E D I T E R R A N E A N A B U S Y C E N T R E O F T R A D E A N D H O W T H E CITIES O F T H E I T A L I A N P E N I N S U L A B E C A M E T H E G R E A T D I S T R I B U T I N G C E N T R E FOR T H E C O M M E R C E WITH ASIA AND A F R I C A 198 39. P E O P L E O N C E M O R E D A R E D T O B E H A P P Y JUST BECAUSE T H E Y WERE ALIVE. T H E Y TRIED TO SAVE THE REMAINS OF THE OLDER AND MORE AGREEABLE CIVILISATION OF ROME AND G R E E C E AND T H E Y W E R E SO PROUD OF T H E I R ACHIEVEMENTS THAT THEY SPOKE OF A "RENAISSANCE" OR RE-BIRTH OF CIVILISATION 206 40. T H E P E O P L E B E G A N T O F E E L T H E N E E D O F G I V I N G EXPRESSION TO THEIR NEWLY DISCOVERED JOY OF LIVING. THEY EX- PRESSED T H E I R HAPPINESS IN POETRY AND IN SCULPTURE AND IN ARCHITECTURE AND PAINTING, AND IN THE BOOKS THEY PRINTED 219 41. B U T N O W T H A T P E O P L E H A D B R O K E N T H R O U G H T H E BONDS O F THEIR N A R R O W MEDIAEVAL LIMITATIONS, T H E Y H A D T O HAVE M O R E R O O M FOR T H E I R W A N D E R I N G S . T H E EUROPEAN WORLD H A D G R O W N T O O S M A L L FOR T H E I R A M B I T I O N S . I T WAS T H E TIME O F THE GREAT VOYAGES O P DISCOVERY . . . . 224 42. CONCERNING BUDDHA AND CONFUCIUS 241 43. THE PROGRESS O F T H E HUMAN R A C E IS BEST COMPARED TO A GIGANTIC PENDULUM WHICH F O R E V E R SWINGS FORWARD AND BACKWARD. T H E RELIGIOUS I N D I F F E R E N C E A N D T H E ARTISTIC AND LITERARY ENTHUSIASM OF T H E RENAISSANCE W E R E FOL- LOWED B Y T H E ARTISTIC A N D L I T E R A R Y I N D I F F E R E N C E A N D T H E RELIGIOUS E N T H U S I A S M O F THE REFORMATION . . . . 251 44. T H E A G E O F T H E G R E A T RELIGIOUS CONTROVERSIES , . . 262 45. How THE STRUGGLE BETWEEN THE "DIVINE EIGHT OF KINGS" AND THE LESS DIVINE BUT MORE REASONABLE "RIGHT OF PARLIAMENT" ENDED DISASTROUSLY FOR KING CHARLES I . 279 46. IN F R A N C E ON T H E O T H E R H A N D , T H E "DIVINE RIGHT OF KINGS" C O N T I N U E D WITH G R E A T E R P O M P A N D S P L E N D O R T H A N EVER B E F O R E AND T H E AMBITION O F T H E R U L E R WAS O N L Y T E M P E R E D 296 BY T H E N E W L Y INVENTED L A W OF T H E " B A L A N C E OF POWER" . 47. T H E S T O R Y O F T H E MYSTERIOUS M U S C O V I T E E M P I R E W H I C H SUD- D E N L Y B U R S T UPON T H E G R A N D POLITICAL STAGE OF E U R O P E 301 48. RUSSIA AND SWEDEN FOUGHT MANY WARS TO DECIDE WHO SHALL BE THE LEADING POWER OF NORTHEASTERN EUROPE SOS 49. T H E E X T R A O R D I N A R Y RISE O F A L I T T L E S T A T E I N A D R E A R Y P A R T O F N O R T H E R N G E R M A N Y , C A L L E D PRUSSIA 313 50. HOW T H E N E W L Y FOUNDED NATIONAL OR DYNASTIC STATES OF EUROPE TRIED TO M A K E THEMSELVES R I C H AND W H A T WAS M E A N T BY T H E MERCANTILE SYSTEM 317 51. AT THE END OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY EUROPE HEARD STRANGE REPORTS OF SOMETHING W H I C H HAD HAPPENED IN T H E WILDERNESS O F T H E N O R T H A M E R I C A N C O N T I N E N T . THE DESCENDANTS O F T H E M E N W H O HAD PUNISHED K I N G CHARLES FOR HIS INSISTENCE UPON HIS "DIVINE RIGHTS" ADDED A N E W C H A P T E R T O T H E O L D S T O R Y O F T H E S T R U G G L E FOR S E L F - G O V E R N M E N T 3 2 3 52. THE GREAT FRENCH REVOLUTION PROCLAIMS THE PRINCIPLES O F LIBERTY, FRATERNITY AND EQUALITY U N T O A L L T H E P E O P L E OF T H E E A R T H 334 53. NAPOLEON . . . „• 349 54. As SOON AS NAPOLEON HAD B E E N S E N T TO ST. HELENA, THE RULERS W H O SO O F T E N HAD B E E N D E F E A T E D BY T H E H A T E D "CORSICAN" M E T A T V I E N N A AND TRIED T O U N D O T H E M A N Y CHANGES W H I C H HAD B E E N BROUGHT ABOUT BY T H E F R E N C H 361 REVOLUTION 55. THEY T R I E D T O ASSURE T H E WORLD AN ERA OF UNDISTURBED PEACE BY SUPPRESSING ALL NEW IDEAS. THEY MADE THE POLICE-SPY THE HIGHEST FUNCTIONARY IN THE STATE AND SOON THE PRISONS OF ALL COUNTRIES WERE FILLED WITH THOSE WHO CLAIMED THAT PEOPLE HAVE THE RIGHT TO G O V E R N T H E M S E L V E S AS T H E Y S E E F I T . . . . 373 56. THE LOVE OF NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE, HOWEVER, WAS TOO STRONG TO BE DESTROYED IN THIS W A Y . T H E S O U T H AMERI- CANS W E R E T H E FIRST T O R E B E L AGAINST T H E REACTIONARY MEASURES OF T H E CONGRESS O F VIENNA. GREECE AND BEL- GIUM A N D S P A I N A N D A L A R G E N U M B E R O F O T H E R C O U N T R I E S OF THE EUROPEAN CONTINENT FOLLOWED SUIT AND THE Rumor NINETEENTH C E N T U R Y W A S F I L L E D WITH T H E OF M A N Y WARS OF I N D E P E N D E N C E S81 57. B U T W H I L E T H E P E O P L E O F E U R O P E W E R E F I G H T I N G FOR T H E I R NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE, T H E WORLD IN W H I C H T H E Y LIVED HAD BEEN ENTIRELY CHANGED BY A SERIES OF INVENTIONS, WHICH HAD MADE THE CLUMSY O L D STEAM-ENGINE OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY THE MOST F A I T H F U L AND EFFICIENT SLAVE OF M A N 402 58. THE NEW ENGINES W E R E V E R Y EXPENSIVE AND O N L Y PEOPLE O F W E A L T H COULD AFFORD T H E M . T H E OLD CARPENTER OR SHOEMAKER W H O H A D B E E N HIS O W N MASTER I N HIS L I T T L E WORKSHOP WAS OBLIGED TO H I R E HIMSELF O U T TO T H E OWN- ERS OP THE BIG MECHANICAL TOOLS, AND WHILE HE MADE M O R E M O N E Y T H A N B E F O R E , H E LOST HIS F O R M E R INDEPEND- E N C E AND H E DID N O T L I K E T H A T 413 59. THE GENERAL INTRODUCTION OF MACHINERY DID NOT BRING ABOUT THE ERA OF HAPPINESS AND PROSPERITY W H I C H HAD B E E N PREDICTED B Y T H E GENERATION W H I C H SAW T H E S T A G E COACH REPLACED BY THE RAILROAD. SEVERAL REMEDIES WERE SUGGESTED, BUT NONE OF THESE QUITE SOLVED THE PROBLEM 420 60. B U T T H E WORLD H A D UNDERGONE A N O T H E R C H A N G E W H I C H WAS OP G R E A T E R IMPORTANCE T H A N E I T H E R T H E POLITICAL OR T H E INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS. AFTER GENERATIONS OF OPPRES- SION AND PERSECUTION, THE SCIENTIST HAD AT LAST GAINED LIBERTY OF ACTION AND HE WAS NOW TRYING TO DISCOVER THE FUNDAMENTAL LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE UNIVERSE . 427 61. A C H A P T E R OF A R T 433 62. THE LAST FIFTY YEARS, INCLUDING SEVERAL EXPLANATIONS A N D A F E W APOLOGIES 446 63. THE GREAT WAR, WHICH WAS REALLY THE STRUGGLE FOR A N E W AND B E T T E R W O R L D . 456 64. ANIMATED CHRONOLOGY . . . . . . . . 467 65. CONCERNING T H E PICTURES 473 66. A N HISTORICAL R E A D I N G L I S T FOR CHILDREN . . . . 475 67. INDEX 484