ARRL 无线电通讯手册 The Arrl Handbook For Radio Communications 2005 2006 2007

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资源信息： 中文名: ARRL 无线电通讯手册 原名: The Arrl Handbook For Radio Communications 版本: 2005,2006,2007 发行时间: 2009年08月24日 地区: 大陆 语言: 英文 概述:

Introduction to the CD-ROM Edition The ARRL Handbook For Radio Communications This Version 9.0 of the ARRL Handbook CD-ROM contains the complete text, drawings and photos of the printed 2005 ARRL Handbook. In addition, it contains "template" packages that contain additional information such as printed-circuit board layout drawings, parts lists and expanded treatment of some subjects. Also included is companion DOS/Windows software. Using this CD-ROM This CD-ROM is viewed using Adobe’s Reader software, version 6.0. The software (both Windows and Macintosh versions) is included on the CD-ROM. Adobe Reader installation instructions can be found in the CD-ROM booklet and later in this document. The book and the companion files, such as the templates, include hyperlinks. These links will appear in blue or green text. Clicking on the text of a hyperlink will cause Reader to display another, related part of the book. (See the Reader Help documentation for information on configuring this feature.) The version of Reader used with this CD-ROM includes Acrobat Search capability, which allows rapid full-text search of the entire book. This functions as an instant index for every chapter and word in the book. We strongly recommend that you take a few minutes to view the on-line documentation available from Acrobat Reader’s Help menu. Full-Text Searching The on-screen icons, or buttons, in the Reader tool bar associated with full-text search are located at the right side of the tool bar. As an example, let’s use this very powerful facility to find all instances of the word “reactance” throughout the book. Click on the Full-Text Search icon . (Note that this is different from the nearby Find icon ). Under Options, make sure that the Word Stemming checkbox is unchecked. Now, type in the word “reactance” and then either press the Enter key or click on the Search button. The program will search for a while for all instances of the word “reactance” and will present you with a list box showing all chapters that contain this word. Select Chapter 4 by double clicking on it. The first occurrences of reactance (on page 4.11) will be highlighted. Click the search Next icon to show the next occurrence of “reactance,” also on page 4.11. You can adjust the way that found text items are highlighted using the File|Preferences|Search menu item. 目录: Chapter 1 — What is Amateur (Ham) Radio? Hobby of Diversities .................................................. 1.2 Your License ............................................................... 1.3 US Amateur Bands ..................................................... 1.4 Ham Radio Action ...................................................... 1.5 Getting Started............................................................ 1.7 Governing Regulations ............................................ 1.11 Resources .................................................................. 1.15 Glossary ..................................................................... 1.16 Chapter 2 — Activities in Amateur Radio Awards ......................................................................... 2.1 Contests ....................................................................... 2.2 Nets .............................................................................. 2.3 Amateur Radio Education ......................................... 2.4 Emergency Communications .................................... 2.4 Specialized Communications.................................... 2.6 Chapter 3 — Safety Antenna and Tower Safety ........................................ 3.1 Power Lines................................................................. 3.2 Electrical Wiring around the Shack ......................... 3.3 Lightning/Transient Protection ................................ 3.5 Grounds........................................................................ 3.7 Project: An Earth-Continuity Tester ....................... 3.9 Station Power ............................................................ 3.11 FCC RF-Exposure Regulations ............................... 3.12 Safe Homebrewing ................................................... 3.14 RF Radiation and EMF Safety ................................ 3.15 Other Hazards in the Ham Shack ........................... 3.19 Chapter 4 — Electrical Fundamentals DC Circuits and Resistance....................................... 4.1 Series and Parallel Resistances ................................ 4.3 Power and Energy ....................................................... 4.6 Circuits and Components .......................................... 4.8 AC Theory and Reactance ....................................... 4.11 Frequency and Period .............................................. 4.13 Capacitance and Capacitors .................................... 4.18 Inductance and Inductors ........................................ 4.25 Quality Factor (Q) of Components......................... 4.32 Calculating Practical Inductors .............................. 4.32 Ohm’s Law for Reactance ....................................... 4.37 Impedance ................................................................. 4.42 Resonant Circuits ..................................................... 4.47 Transformers ............................................................. 4.54 Chapter 5 — Electrical Signals and Components Analog Glossary ......................................................... 5.1 Analog Signal Processing .......................................... 5.2 Analog Devices ........................................................... 5.6 Practical Semiconductors ........................................ 5.17 Transistor Amplifier Design ................................... 5.26 Digital Fundamentals............................................... 5.38 Number Systems ....................................................... 5.39 Physical Rep. of Binary States ............................... 5.41 Combinational Logic ............................................... 5.42 Sequential Logic ....................................................... 5.45 Digital Integrated Circuits ...................................... 5.51 Computer Hardware ................................................. 5.58 Chapter 6 — Real-World Component Characteristics Lumped vs Distributed Elements ............................. 6.1 Low-Frequency Component Models ........................ 6.2 Components at RF .................................................... 6.10 Thermal Considerations .......................................... 6.16 The Thermistor in Homebrew Projects ................. 6.20 Low-Frequency Transistor Models ........................ 6.23 Chapter 7 — Component Data and References Component Values ..................................................... 7.1 Component Markings................................................. 7.1 Inductors and Core Materials ................................... 7.5 Other Sources of Component Data ......................... 7.11 Semiconductors ........................................................ 7.15 Integrated Circuits ................................................... 7.28 Vacuum Tubes .......................................................... 7.32 Other .......................................................................... 7.36 References ................................................................. 7.38 General/Electronics/Computers ............................. 7.38 Components/Equipment .......................................... 7.45 Antennas/Transmission Lines ................................. 7.46 Modes ........................................................................ 7.50 Operating and Interference ..................................... 7.52 Message Handling .................................................... 7.63 Chapter 8 — Circuit Construction Shop Safety ................................................................. 8.1 Tools and their Uses .................................................. 8.1 Project: A Deluxe Soldering Station ....................... 8.6 Project: Soldering-Iron Temperature Control ........ 8.7 Electronic Circuits ..................................................... 8.7 Surface Mount Construction Techniques .............. 8.12 From Schematic to Working Circuit...................... 8.18 Microwave Construction Techniques .................... 8.22 High-Voltage Techniques ........................................ 8.23 Mechanical Fabrication ........................................... 8.25 Chapter 9 — Modes and Modulation Sources Issues Common to all Transmission Modes ........... 9.1 Voice Modes ............................................................... 9.2 Text Modes ............................................................... 9.11 Morse Telegraphy (CW) .......................................... 9.11 Digital Communications ......................................... 9.15 Image Modes............................................................. 9.32 Facsimile ................................................................... 9.32 Slow-Scan Television (SSTV) ................................ 9.34 Fast-Scan Television (ATV) ................................... 9.40 Radio Control (R/C) ................................................. 9.48 Spread Spectrum ...................................................... 9.51 High Speed Multimedia (HSMM) Radio............... 9.55 Chapter 10 — Oscillators and Synthesizers How Oscillators Work ........................................................ 10.2 Phase Noise .......................................................................... 10.5 Oscillator Circuits and Construction ..............................10.12 VHF and UHF Oscillators ................................................10.28 Frequency Synthesizers ....................................................10.32 Phase-Locked Loops .........................................................10.33 Synthesizer in an MF/HF Transceiver ............................10.49 Trends in Oscillator Applications ...................................10.52 Chapter 11 — Mixers, Modulators and Demodulators The Mechanism of Mixers and Mixing ............................ 11.1 Practical Building Blocks ................................................11.13 Testing and Calculating IMD in Receivers ....................11.20 Chapter 12 — RF and AF Filters Basic Concepts..................................................................... 12.1 Filter Synthesis .................................................................... 12.5 Designs using Software/SVC Tables ................................ 12.8 Chebyshev Filter Design ..................................................12.11 Quartz Crystal Filters .......................................................12.16 Monolithic Crystal Filters ................................................12.18 SAW Filters .......................................................................12.18 Transmission-Line Filters ................................................12.19 Helical Resonators ............................................................12.23 Active Filters .....................................................................12.27 Project: Crystal Filter Evaluation ...................................12.27 Project: Band-Pass Filters for 144 or 222 MHz ............12.30 Project: High-Performance Passive CW Filter .............12.31 Project: Broadcast Band Rejection Filter ......................12.35 Project: A Wave Trap for Broadcast Stations ...............12.36 Project: Second-Harmonic-Optimized LP Filters.........12.37 Project: The Diplexer Filter ............................................12.39 Chapter 13 — EMI/Direction Finding The Scope of the Problem .................................................. 13.1 Responsibility ...................................................................... 13.2 EMC Fundamentals ............................................................. 13.3 Cures ..................................................................................... 13.5 TVI Troubleshooting Chart ................................................ 13.8 Amateur Harmonics/CATV Chart ...................................13.10 Project: Finding Shack Noise Sources ...........................13.15 Radio Direction Finding ...................................................13.17 Project: The Simple Seeker .............................................13.28 Project: Active Attenuator for VHF-FM........................13.30 Chapter 14 — Receivers and Transmitters A Single-Stage Building Block ............................................... 14.1 Negative Feedback in RF Design ............................................ 14.4 Receiver Design Techniques ..................................................14.14 The Superheterodyne Receiver ..............................................14.20 VHF and UHF Receivers ........................................................14.34 Project: GaAsFET Preamp for 430 MHz .............................14.36 Project: Microwave Receiver for 10 GHz............................14.41 Transmitter Design .................................................................14.42 Project: A Rock-Bending Receiver for 7 MHz ...................14.61 Project: A Wideband MMIC Preamp ...................................14.64 Project: A Binaural I-Q Receiver .........................................14.66 Project: A Superregenerative Receiver with Squelch ........14.72 Project: A Broadband HF Amp using MOSFETS ...............14.74 Project: A Drift-Free VFO .....................................................14.81 Project: A Simple Regenerative HF Receiver .....................14.85 Chapter 15 — Transceivers, Transverters and Repeaters Transceiver Example ................................................................ 15.1 Project: The Norcal Sierra—An 80-15 M CW Transceiver. 15.9 Project: A 10-Watt SSB Transceiver for 60-M Band .........15.15 Transverters .............................................................................15.19 Repeaters ..................................................................................15.20 Chapter 16 — DSP and Software Radio Design DSP Fundamentals .................................................................... 16.1 DSP Algorithms for Radio ....................................................... 16.5 Analytic Signals and Modulation ............................................ 16.9 Digital Speech Processing ......................................................16.16 Interference-Reduction Techniques ......................................16.17 Fourier Transforms .................................................................16.19 Radio Architectures for DSP..................................................16.26 Software Radios.......................................................................16.31 Hardware for Embedded DSP Systems .................................16.32 DSP System Software .............................................................16.34 DSP Projects ............................................................................16.36 Project A: Decimation ............................................................16.36 Project B: FIR Filter Design Variations ..............................16.36 Project C: Analytic Filter Pair Generation ..........................16.39 Project D: Newton’s Method for Square Roots ...................16.39 Project E: A Fast Square-Root Algorithm ...........................16.39 Project F: A High-Performance DDS ...................................16.41 Project G: Fast Binary Multiplier in High-Speed CMOS Logic ...................................................................16.42 Chapter 17 — Power Supplies Glossary ........................................................................................ 17.1 Alternating-Current Power......................................................... 17.2 Rectifier Types ............................................................................ 17.4 Rectifier Circuits ......................................................................... 17.5 Filtration.....................................................................................17.11 Regulation ..................................................................................17.12 High-Voltage Techniques .........................................................17.20 Batteries and Charging .............................................................17.20 Emergency Operations..............................................................17.24 Power-Supply Projects..............................................................17.24 Project: Series-Regulated 4.5- to 25-V Supply .....................17.25 Project: 13.8-V, 40-A Switching Supply ...............................17.28 Project: 28-V, High-Current Supply .......................................17.37 Project: Commercial-Quality, High-Voltage Supply ...........17.40 Project: Micro M+ Charge Controller ....................................17.41 Project: The UPS—A Universal Supply ................................17.44 Project: A Portable Power Supply ..........................................17.46 Chapter 18 — RF Power Amplifiers Types of Power Amplifiers ........................................................ 18.1 Design Examples .......................................................................18.19 Project: Sunnyvale / St. Petersburg kW+ Amplifier ............18.29 Project: A 6-Meter kW Amplifier ..........................................18.35 Project: A 144-MHz Amplifier ...............................................18.38 Project: A 2-Meter Brick Amp for Handhelds ......................18.43 Chapter 19 — Station Layout and Accessories Fixed Stations .............................................................................. 19.1 Mobile and Portable Installations ...........................................19.13 Project: Tick-2—A Tiny CMOS Keyer 2...............................19.17 Project: Vintage Radio T/R Adapter.......................................19.20 Project: Quick and Easy CW with your PC ...........................19.22 Project: An Expandable Headphone Mixer............................19.25 Project: A Simple 10-Minute ID Timer .................................19.26 Project: Audio Break-Out Box ................................................19.26 Project: An SWR Detector Audio Adapter ............................19.28 Project: PC Voltmeter and SWR Bridge ................................19.29 Project: Tandem Match—An Accurate Direction Wattmeter .............................................................................19.31 Project: Automatic Antenna Switch for Yaesu or ICOM.....19.37 Project: A Trio of Transceiver/Computer Interfaces ...........19.41 Project: Computer-Controlled Two-Radio Switchbox .........19.44 Project: TR Time-Delay Generator ........................................19.48 Project: A Switched Attenuator ..............................................19.52 Project: Simple QRP TR Changeover.....................................19.53 Project: QRP L-Match ATU .................................................... 19.54 Project: QRP T-Match ATU .................................................... 19.56 Project: An Ugly Transformer for Heavy-Load Stations .....19.57 Chapter 20 — Propagation of RF Signals Fundamentals of Radio Waves ............................................. 20.1 Propagation Summary by Band ............................................ 20.4 MUF Prediction ....................................................................20.17 Propagation in the Troposphere .........................................20.19 Extraterrestrial Propagation................................................20.24 Chapter 21 — Transmission Lines Basics ....................................................................................... 21.1 Matched Lines ........................................................................ 21.3 Reflections on the Smith Chart ............................................ 21.4 Matching the Antenna to the Line ......................................21.10 Matching the Line to the Transmitter ................................21.13 Loads and Balancing Devices .............................................21.14 Waveguides ...........................................................................21.17 Chapter 22 — Antennas Antenna Polarization ............................................................. 22.1 Dipoles and the Half-Wave Antenna ................................... 22.4 Project: 135-FT Multiband Dipole ....................................22.11 Antenna Modeling by Computer ........................................22.12 Project: A 40/15-M Dual-Band Dipole .............................22.13 Project: K8SYL 75/10-M Dual-Band Dipole....................22.14 Project: W4RNL Inverted-U Antenna ...............................22.14 Project: Two W8NX Multiband, Coax-Trap Dipoles ......22.19 Vertical Antennas .................................................................22.23 Optimum Ground Systems for Vertical Antennas............22.23 Project: Dual-Band Verticals for 17/40M or 12/30M .....22.27 Inverted L and Sloper Antennas .........................................22.28 Project: 1.8-MHz Inverted L ..............................................22.29 Project: Half-Wave Vertical Dipole (HVD) .....................22.30 Project: The Compact Vertical Dipole (CVD) .................22.31 Project: All Wire 30-M CVD .............................................22.32 Yagi and Quad Directive Antennas ....................................22.33 Quad Antennas ......................................................................22.38 Project: Five-Band, Two-Element HF Quad .....................22.39 Project: Simple Quad for 40 M ..........................................22.42 Project: Simple Loop for 28 MHz .....................................22.45 HF Mobile Antennas ............................................................22.45 VHF/UHF Antennas .............................................................22.53 Project: Simple Portable Groundplane Antenna ..............22.56 Project: Dual-Band Antenna for 146/446 MHz ................22.57 Project: A Quick Antenna for 223 MHz ............................22.58 Project: An All-Copper 2-M J-Pole ...................................22.58 VHF/UHF Yagis ...................................................................22.60 Project: 3- and 5-Element Yagis for 6 M..........................22.60 Project: A Medium Gain 2-M Yagi ...................................22.61 Chapter 23 — Space Communications An Amateur Satellite Primer ........................................................ 23.1 Amateur Satellite History ............................................................. 23.4 Phase 3E—The Next Generation ................................................ 23.13 Project: Single Brick L-Band Amplifier ................................... 23.17 Project: Double Brick L-Band Amplifier ................................. 23.17 Project: Parabolic Dish Construction ........................................ 23.28 Project: Helix Feed for an Offset Dish ..................................... 23.29 Project: Integrated AO-40 Antenna System ............................. 23.30 Glossary of Satellite Terminology ............................................. 23.34 Earth-Moon-Earth (EME) ........................................................... 23.37 Chapter 24 — Web, Wi-Fi, Wireless and PC Technology The World Wide Web (www)—The Internet .............................. 24.1 Ham’s Guide to Useful Internet Sites .......................................... 24.2 Glossary/Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) ............................................. 24.3 Glossary of Wireless Technology ................................................ 24.4 Wireless Technology ..................................................................... 24.6 Personal Computers in the Shack ............................................... 24.10 Mode-Specific Software .............................................................. 24.12 Chapter 25 — Test Procedures Test and Measurement Basics....................................................... 25.1 DC Instruments and Circuits......................................................... 25.3 AC Instruments and Circuits......................................................... 25.8 Project: The Microwatter ............................................................ 25.11 Frequency Measurement ............................................................. 25.14 Project: Marker Generator with Selectable Output ................. 25.15 Project: A Dip Meter with Digital Display............................... 25.17 Other Instruments and Measurements ....................................... 25.20 Project: A Wide-Range Audio Oscillator ................................. 25.20 Project: Measure Inductance and Capacitance with a DVM .. 25.21 Oscilloscopes ................................................................................ 25.22 Project: HF Adapter for Narrow Bandwidth Scopes................ 25.27 Project: A Calibrated Noise Source ........................................... 25.27 Project: Signal Generator for Receiver Testing ....................... 25.31 Project: Hybrid Combiners for Signal Generators .................. 25.34 Project: Compensated Modular RF Voltmeter ......................... 25.35 Receiver Performance Tests ....................................................... 25.41 Transmitter Performance Tests .................................................. 25.49 Chapter 26 — Troubleshooting and Repair Safety First ...................................................................................... 26.1 Where to Begin ............................................................................... 26.5 Testing within a Stage ................................................................... 26.9 Look for the Obvious ................................................................... 26.11 Typical Symptoms and Faults..................................................... 26.12 Troubleshooting Hints ................................................................. 26.17 After the Repairs .......................................................................... 26.27 Professional Repairs .................................................................... 26.28